Foot Disorders Associated with Cerebral Palsy: Understanding the Challenges and Treatments

 

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a neurological disorder that affects movement, muscle tone, and posture. Among the most common issues that a person with CP can have is an issue with their feet. Foot abnormality in cerebral palsy can restrict mobility and autonomy, and their impact can have a significant effect on their quality of life if not addressed.

It’s important to recognize foot abnormalities in cerebral palsy early to ensure timely intervention and effective treatment of cerebral palsy through proper therapy and medical care.

Common Foot Disorders in Cerebral Palsy

Children with CP can have foot deformities that develop as a result of abnormal muscle tone and spasticity. The severity may vary, but foot disorders typically include:

●  Equinus Deformity (Toe Walking): This occurs when individuals walk on their toes due to tightness of the calf muscles. It is one of the most common foot problems seen with CP.

●   Planovalgus (Flatfoot): When the arch of the foot collapses. It is usually caused by muscle imbalance, poor tone and heavy weight. It may also lead to pain and poor gait mechanics.

●      Cavovarus Foot (High-Arched Foot): A less common condition when the foot has an unusually high arch and may lead to poor balance and instability. It usually occurs in hemiplegic cerebral palsy

●    Claw Toes or Hammer toes: These deformities occur due to uneven muscle pull, resulting in curled toes. They may be painful and limit a client's ability to walk.

●     Rotational Abnormalities: These may involve internal or external rotation of the leg and foot, which can significantly affect walking patterns. The resulting instability can also lead to tripping or falling.

Impact on Mobility and Quality of Life

Foot problems in CP can considerably affect walking, running, and balance. These issues can also worsen, eventually leading to joint pain, fatigue, and limits on social activities. Because walking is already an issue for many with CP, untreated foot problems cause more challenges to mobility and limit activities of daily living.

Treatment of Cerebral Palsy-Related Foot Disorders

The treatment of cerebral palsy and foot problems is based on the condition of the foot, the severity of the condition, and the individual's specific needs. Management can include any of the following:

●      Physical Therapy: Develops muscle strength, balance, and flexibility

●      Orthotic Devices: Braces or custom shoe inserts can support and align the foot and improve gait mechanics

●      Botulinum Toxin Injections: A temporary way to relax spastic muscles

●  Surgical Options: Surgery is reserved for the more severe problems. Surgery alleviates deformities and improves function

In the early stages of diagnosis, with regular physical management, complications can be limited and mobility can be improved.

Conclusion

At Trishla Foundation, children with cerebral palsy receive sufficient and experienced care, individualized for their needs. Their team specializes in managing foot disorders that accompany cerebral palsy and helps children walk better and live good quality of life, whether through physiotherapy or surgical solutions.